Lecture 4 - The Periodic Table and Electron Configurations

Wednesday, January 17, 2024

8:53 PM

Welcome back to CHEM 101 "Refrain from illusions, insist on work and not on words. Patiently search divine and scientific truth" - Maria Dmitrievna Kornileva's last words to her son Dmitri Mendeleev after they walked 1700 miles from Siberia on foot to St. Petersburg to help him enter a science training program. ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/discussion_topics/653846"This week's overview Assignments this week: ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/assignments/984054"HW 2 (1.5-1.6) on Aktiv Chemistry due tomorrow Friday. Covers properties of matter and energy. No reading quiz on 1.5-1.6 ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/assignments/984555"Reading quiz on 2.1-2.2 due tomorrow Friday. ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/assignments/984618"HW 3 (2.1-2.2) on Aktiv Chemistry due this Sunday. Wednesday (1/24) Covers periodic table, electron configurations, and valence electrons ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/assignments/984055"Activity 1 (Elemental Exploration: A Personal Journey through the Periodic Table). Write-up by next week Wednesday (1/24) Peer reviews due next Sunday (1/28). Office Hours: Friday 11-1 CIC ﷟HYPERLINK "https://calendly.com/bricejurban/office-hours"By appointment Today's (1/18) Schedule: The Periodic Table (history & modern) Electron configurations (complete & condensed) Valence electrons Looking Ahead Tuesday (1/23) Schedule: Ions Lewis Dot Diagrams Periodic Properties (radius, ionization) Thursday (1/25) Schedule: Share our research of the elements Review of Chapters 1 and 2 Chemical Formulas Tuesday (1/30) Schedule Midterm 1 (in-class) chapters 1 and 2 Engagement Alkali metals Untitled picture.png 3 Lithium 6.941 11 Na Sodium 22.989768 19 Potassium 39.0983 37 Rubidium 85.4678 55 Celsium 132.90543 87 Francium 223.0197 ﷟HYPERLINK "https://youtu.be/6ZY6d6jrq-0?si=_D9C7RDuiCSJPMbe"Alkali metals in water - Chemical elements: properties and reactions (1/8) OpenLearn from The Open University Alkali metals in water - Chemical elements: properties and reactions (1/8) Press enter to activate
Untitled picture.png 3 Lithium 6.941 11 Na Sodium 22.989768 19 Potassium 39.0983 37 Rubidium 85.4678 55 Celsium 132.90543 87 Francium 223.0197 Alkali metals in water - Chemical elements: properties and reactions (1/8) Press enter to activate Halogens Untitled picture.png Fluorine 18.998403 Chlorine 351527 Bromine 79.901 lodine 126.90447 Astatine 209.9871 τς Tennessine ﷟HYPERLINK "https://youtu.be/u2ogMUDBaf4?si=6NKW_znQm6FA4SY6"Comparing the four halogens - Chemical elements: properties and reactions (2/8) OpenLearn from The Open University Comparing the four halogens - Chemical elements: properties and reactions (2/8) Press enter to activate Noble Gases Untitled picture.png 4,002602 37,948 83.798 ΙΙΙβ4Ι Xenon 131.293 Radon Og Oganesson ﷟HYPERLINK "https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLnAFJxOjzZsj3KJg-6EqTunw6yxRRcd7&si=w1D5Te956amUed5r"The Chemistry of Light - Peter Wothers Lecture Royal Society Of Chemistry Link to Full Video ﷟HYPERLINK "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nXyvVVn360Y&list=PLLnAFJxOjzZsj3KJg-6EqTunw6yxRRcd7&index=18"The Chemistry of Light 18 - Colours of the Noble Gases The Chemistry of Light 18 - Colours of the Noble Gases Press enter to activate Exploration yuán sù zhōu qī biǎo 简体字：5K元素周期表.png 元 素 周 期 表 图 例 中 文 English Periodic Table of Elements 。 氧 F 氟 有 体 N 氮 三 硼 佣 n 00n M 翩 13 1 22 24 的 035 15 生 》 彐 74 № 32 ℃ 17 弱 45 旧 3 ， P 磷 s 硫 氯 9 驸 09 ， 岡 4D0 还 4 阝 还 7 里 7 ， 94a 51 9 凸 国 到 糾 5 甜 93J 翮 5 09J 馮 6 ， 糾 昼 30 33 31 》 3 盟 们 1 33 ， 9 ， 9 门 3 ， 9 " 钛 v 钒 铬 锰 伽 铜 “ 锌 “ 硒 溴 钾 到 39 8 & 阕 6 40 脚 。 4 4 《 盟 。 42 ， 9 、 43 》 44 1D1 45 ， 舡 46 42 加 铲 112 4 49 114 脚 ， 1 & 0 51 ， 丿 12 铲 E 53 1 又 131. 锆 Nb 铌 MO 钼 讹 锝 铑 炻 钯 鮞 银 Cd 镉 铟 5 。 锡 sb 锑 碲 《 碘 氙 132 5 ％ 13r327 0 ， 40 门 1 ， 1 8 1 凸 1 柄 07 1 龙 3 ， 92 1 了 1g5 翮 5 1 ％ 80 到 2 81 3 7.2 83 ， 0 膶 20 ， 2 2 叫 7 1 钡 镧 系 緔 铪 钽 “ 钨 铼 @ 铱 铂 № 全 汞 1 《 铊 Pb 铅 & 铋 钋 ' At 砹 Rn 氡 铯 ， 04 57 》 5 6 105 [26 1 〔 1 《 腼 到 1 《 27 110 《 1 ] 111 《 112 《 25 1 们 《 2 ] 114 《 2 015 0 《 2930 018 《 7 223 ℃ 20 225 冫 5 镭 锕 系 緔 栌 钫 Nd 钕 镝 № 钬 。 铒 铥 镱 “ 镥 227 刃 25 9 ] 23z03 吕 91 23 上 035 92 233 24 冫 " 43 241 ℃ 61 243031 247 ℃ " 2 ， O 5 | 阢 57 刃 ， 01 2580 102 25g 103 。 锎 “ 锿 Fm 镄 “ 钔 “ 锘 “ 铹
简体字：5K元素周期表.png 元 素 周 期 表 图 例 中 文 English Periodic Table of Elements 。 氧 F 氟 有 体 N 氮 三 硼 佣 n 00n M 翩 13 1 22 24 的 035 15 生 》 彐 74 № 32 ℃ 17 弱 45 旧 3 ， P 磷 s 硫 氯 9 驸 09 ， 岡 4D0 还 4 阝 还 7 里 7 ， 94a 51 9 凸 国 到 糾 5 甜 93J 翮 5 09J 馮 6 ， 糾 昼 30 33 31 》 3 盟 们 1 33 ， 9 ， 9 门 3 ， 9 " 钛 v 钒 铬 锰 伽 铜 “ 锌 “ 硒 溴 钾 到 39 8 & 阕 6 40 脚 。 4 4 《 盟 。 42 ， 9 、 43 》 44 1D1 45 ， 舡 46 42 加 铲 112 4 49 114 脚 ， 1 & 0 51 ， 丿 12 铲 E 53 1 又 131. 锆 Nb 铌 MO 钼 讹 锝 铑 炻 钯 鮞 银 Cd 镉 铟 5 。 锡 sb 锑 碲 《 碘 氙 132 5 ％ 13r327 0 ， 40 门 1 ， 1 8 1 凸 1 柄 07 1 龙 3 ， 92 1 了 1g5 翮 5 1 ％ 80 到 2 81 3 7.2 83 ， 0 膶 20 ， 2 2 叫 7 1 钡 镧 系 緔 铪 钽 “ 钨 铼 @ 铱 铂 № 全 汞 1 《 铊 Pb 铅 & 铋 钋 ' At 砹 Rn 氡 铯 ， 04 57 》 5 6 105 [26 1 〔 1 《 腼 到 1 《 27 110 《 1 ] 111 《 112 《 25 1 们 《 2 ] 114 《 2 015 0 《 2930 018 《 7 223 ℃ 20 225 冫 5 镭 锕 系 緔 栌 钫 Nd 钕 镝 № 钬 。 铒 铥 镱 “ 镥 227 刃 25 9 ] 23z03 吕 91 23 上 035 92 233 24 冫 " 43 241 ℃ 61 243031 247 ℃ " 2 ， O 5 | 阢 57 刃 ， 01 2580 102 25g 103 。 锎 “ 锿 Fm 镄 “ 钔 “ 锘 “ 铹 固 (gù) - Solid 金 (jīn) - Metal (or gold) 石 (shí) - Stone 液 (yè) - Liquid 水 (shuǐ) - Water 气 (qì) - Gas Can you find examples of solids, liquids, and gases using these Chinese characters and radicals? How many metals can you find? Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
What do you notice about the Organization of the Periodic Table? e.g. where are the metals grouped? What do you notice about elements in similar columns? ﷟HYPERLINK "https://www.reddit.com/r/ChineseLanguage/comments/mhte8s/i_made_a_chineseenglish_bilingual_periodic_table/"Image Credit Here are some representative elements and there approximate meaning. If you speak Chinese natively and have any insight please let me know! Oxygen - 氧 (yǎng) Oxygen is a fundamental gas (气) for life, much like how sheep (羊) have been essential animals in many cultures. Carbon - 碳 (tàn) The character 碳 includes the radical for stone (石), reflecting the solid form of elemental carbon, and "炭" (tàn) means charcoal, which is primarily carbon. Hydrogen - 氢 (qīng) Hydrogen is a gas (气) and has the phonetic component "工" (gōng), which also means work or labor. Hydrogen generates water when combined with oxygen. Bromine - 溴 (xiù) Bromine is a liquid 水" (shuǐ) at room temperature and has a strong odor (臭 (xiù) means stink) Explanation Untitled picture.png The Periodic Table of the Elements is arranged by increasing number of protons (the atomic number). In 1882 Dmitri Mendeleev organized the known elements into a table based on similar properties. He left empty spaces in the table for elements that would eventually be discovered. Element 101 is named in his honor Rows: "Periods" or "Shells" Columns: "Groups" or "Families" Elements in the same group form similar ions and have similar chemical properties Typical Properties States at Standard Conditions (25 oc, 1 atm) Categories Metals Gas: Liquid: Solid: Alkali Metals OAlkaline Ealth Metals O Transition Metals Non-Metais Olnner-Transition Metals 00ther Metals O(Semi-Metals) Gas: Liquid: Solid: OHydrogen ONoble Gases O Halogens O Other Non-Metals 5
Untitled picture.png The Periodic Table of the Elements is arranged by increasing number of protons (the atomic number). In 1882 Dmitri Mendeleev organized the known elements into a table based on similar properties. He left empty spaces in the table for elements that would eventually be discovered. Element 101 is named in his honor Rows: "Periods" or "Shells" Columns: "Groups" or "Families" Elements in the same group form similar ions and have similar chemical properties Typical Properties States at Standard Conditions (25 oc, 1 atm) Categories Metals Gas: Liquid: Solid: Alkali Metals OAlkaline Ealth Metals O Transition Metals Non-Metais Olnner-Transition Metals 00ther Metals O(Semi-Metals) Gas: Liquid: Solid: OHydrogen ONoble Gases O Halogens O Other Non-Metals 5 Untitled picture.png PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 18 1.008 2 *Lanthanoids tActinoids 13 10 11 12 In 14 12.01 Sn 15 14.01 15 30.97 16 17 161K) 16 32.06 34 78.97 Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Untitled picture.png PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS 18 1.008 2 *Lanthanoids tActinoids 13 10 11 12 In 14 12.01 Sn 15 14.01 15 30.97 16 17 161K) 16 32.06 34 78.97 Elaboration: What causes this periodicity? Its due to the electrons and how they are arranged in atomic orbitals Untitled picture.emf Bohr Model (1913) Niels Bohr proposed that the electrons orbi ted the nucleus at specific, dscrete (quantized) energy levels (n = 1 As electrons are excited, they jump to higher energy levels. WIIen electrons relax to lower energy levels they ennt light with energy equal to the (Efference between the energy I evels Electron Shells: Pruna1Y energy levels occupied by electrons Each shell can only hold a catam number of electrons • one is filled up, electrons occupy the next shell The higher the shell the fulther the electron is from the nucleus Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Untitled picture.emf Bohr Model (1913) Niels Bohr proposed that the electrons orbi ted the nucleus at specific, dscrete (quantized) energy levels (n = 1 As electrons are excited, they jump to higher energy levels. WIIen electrons relax to lower energy levels they ennt light with energy equal to the (Efference between the energy I evels Electron Shells: Pruna1Y energy levels occupied by electrons Each shell can only hold a catam number of electrons • one is filled up, electrons occupy the next shell The higher the shell the fulther the electron is from the nucleus Untitled picture.emf Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (1927) (Ax) (AP) Ille exact position (x) and momentum4: (p) of an electron cannot be Imown Electrons don't follow circular orbits, but can actually be found ANYWHERE Ille most probable locations ofthe electron can be thought of as an electron cloud Elwin Schrödinger detennmed that electrons don't have circular orbits like in the Bohr model, but occupy atom c orbitals o Atomic Orbitals are regions of space where electrons are likely to be found waiter White 'Heisenberg" p = mv Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Untitled picture.emf Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (1927) (Ax) (AP) Ille exact position (x) and momentum4: (p) of an electron cannot be Imown Electrons don't follow circular orbits, but can actually be found ANYWHERE Ille most probable locations ofthe electron can be thought of as an electron cloud Elwin Schrödinger detennmed that electrons don't have circular orbits like in the Bohr model, but occupy atom c orbitals o Atomic Orbitals are regions of space where electrons are likely to be found waiter White 'Heisenberg" p = mv s-subshell Untitled picture.emf p-subshell Untitled picture.emf d-subshell Untitled picture.emf 월寸寸§넣화 f-subshell Untitled picture.emf |전立寸*鞏§4宖| Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Untitled picture.emf |전立寸*鞏§4宖| Elaboration: What orbitals do electrons fill first? What are the rules? Every electron shell has different subshells Each sublevel (s, p, d, and f) has slightly different energies Each sublevel can be divided into individual orbitals Each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons (Pauli Exclusion Principle) Electron Shell Subshell Orbitals in that Subshell Total Orbitals in that Shell Total electrons in that Shell n = 1 1s 1 1 2 n = 2 2s 1 4 8 2p 3 n = 3 3s 1 9 18 3p 3 3d 5 n = 4 4s 1 16 32 Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
n = 4 4s 1 16 32 4p 3 4d 5 4f 7 Untitled picture.png Energy of Atomic Orbitals (A 7006000000000000 6000b0000boocooo 6s 500000000 0000000 36000 Is Aufbau Principle (building up) Lowest energy orbitals fill up first Pauli Exclusion Principle Ink Drawings
Pauli Exclusion Principle Maximum of two electrons per Atomic orbital (AO) Hund's Rule Fill up empty orbitals of same energy first All electrons should be same spin up first Untitled picture.png Here's a trick to filling orbitals: Use the periodic table to predict the electron configuration of an atom or ion. s block p block d block f block Core Electrons Inner electrons. We abbreviate these in short form by the noble gas. Valence Electrons Electrons in the highest energy electron shell. These are involved with bonding and determine chemical properties Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Valence Electrons Electrons in the highest energy electron shell. These are involved with bonding and determine chemical properties Elaboration: What notation is used to indicate the electrons in an atom Electron Configuration Notation Hydrogen Untitled picture.png Is Long Form: # of Protons: # of Total Electrons: # of Valence Electrons: Oxygen Untitled picture.png Is Long Form: Short Form: # of Protons: # of Total Electrons: # of Core electrons: # of Valence Electrons: Silicon Untitled picture.png XOCQD Is Long Form: Short Form: # of Protons: # of Total Electrons: # of Core electrons: # of Valence Electrons: Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings We will continue this on Tuesday!

 

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