Lecture 7 - Chemical Bonds

Wednesday, January 31, 2024

10:31 PM

Happy February! Assignments this week: Read ahead for chapter 3 There are two nomenclature assignments on Aktiv but not due until 2/9 & 2/14 Enjoy your weekend Office Hours: Friday 11-1 CIC ﷟HYPERLINK "https://calendly.com/bricejurban/office-hours"By appointment Midterm 1: The first midterm will be graded by myself and a few other graders tomorrow and Saturday. Tests will be reviewable starting Monday using the Gradescope software which can be found on Canvas. We will be using a rubric so that you can know exactly how you were graded. I recommend printing a copy then reviewing the answer key in the big display case outside SCNC 336 next to the chemistry computer lab. See map below for location of answer key . After reviewing, if you notice any discrepancies you can submit a regrade request in Gradescope. AnswerKey.png SCALE: REV: / 04 Ill 2 3 CAMPUS LN 1 0 20 0 工 ○ C 二 丄 冖 凵 工 一 工 」 , qen Jalndtuoo s 一 go 山 00 」 00 ; ; S ! 山 0 0 0 O•h•ue 」 。 」 。 。 56 冖 冖 凵 POOuedPV Today's Schedule: Thursday (2/1) Chemical Formulae Chemical Bonds Ionic, Covalent, Metallic Polyatomic Ions Nomenclature Handouts: ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/modules/items/2973274"Period Chart of the Ions ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/modules/items/2973258"Charge Crossing Handout Looking Ahead Tuesday (2/6) Schedule Lewis Structures Formal Charge Octet Rule Octet Rule exceptions Resonance Structures Thursday (2/8) Schedule Electronegativity and Polarity The Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory of Molecular Geometry Intermolecular Forces
AnswerKey.png SCALE: REV: / 04 Ill 2 3 CAMPUS LN 1 0 20 0 工 ○ C 二 丄 冖 凵 工 一 工 」 , qen Jalndtuoo s 一 go 山 00 」 00 ; ; S ! 山 0 0 0 O•h•ue 」 。 」 。 。 56 冖 冖 凵 POOuedPV Chemical Formulae A representation of a substance using symbols and subscripts to show the ratio of the atoms contained in each compound. The set of atoms described by the formula is known as a formula unit. (Parentheses) and [Brackets] are used to indicate multiples of the same group. Chemical Name Formula Atoms in One Formula Unit carbon dioxide CO2 1 C, 2 O glucose C6H12O6 6 C, 12 H, 6 O hydroxyapatite Ca5(PO4)3(OH) 5 Ca, 3 P, 13 O, 1 H Prussian blue or ferric hexacyanoferrate Fe[Fe2(CN)6]3 7Fe, 18C, 18N 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene C7H7(NO2)3 7C, 7H, 3N, 6O EDTA or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid C2H4[N(CH2)2]2(COOH)4 10C, 16H, 2N, 8O The Chemical Bond Chemical bonds are the forces that hold atoms together in crystals or molecules There are many types of bonds that vary in strength, length, and type Type of Bond Electron Characteristics Ionic electrons transferred between atoms Untitled picture.png Covalent electrons shared or mostly shared between atoms Untitled picture.png Untitled picture.png It's packed in here!
Metallic electrons pooled across atoms Untitled picture.png It's packed in here! James electrons shaken not stirred Untitled picture.png Ionic Compounds are made of electrostatic (coulombic) attractions Ionic bonds form between metals and nonmetals Metals have low ionization energies therefore it is easy to remove electrons Nonmetals have high electron affinities therefore they readily gain electrons In an ionic bond e-'s are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal. No line is drawn Ionization energy X -> X+ (cations) + e- Electron affinity X + e- -> X- (anions) Untitled picture.png Untitled picture.png Elements Cation Anion Compound Electron Transfer ⟶ Ionic Bond Mg O Ca Cl Al S Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
The chemical formula for an Ionic Compound is the simplest electrically neutral set of ions The total positive charge from the metal cations = the total negative charge from the anions These ions are arranged in a highly ordered, three-dimensional lattice structure Due to this arrangement, ionic compounds form crystalline solids These have very high melting points! It takes a lot of energy to break these compounds. Ionic compounds are often referred to as salts for their similarities to sodium chloride (Table salt) Common "salts" include potassium nitrate (KNO₃), magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄), & calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) Molecules are formed from covalent bonds Molecules are composed of two or more atoms that are connected by covalent chemical bonds between two nonmetal atoms. A covalent bond is a sharing (nonpolar covalent bond) or partial sharing (polar covalent bond) of electrons between atoms. Atoms can share 2, 4, or 6 electrons to form single, double, or triple bonds. In some unusual cases, the sharing of electrons is more complicated (1 electron bonds, three atom 2 electron bonds) Covalent bonds form because they lower the potential energy between single atoms. The bond we draw is a representation of the orbital overlap between the atoms. Molecular formulas show the exact number of atoms of each element in a molecule. These formulas do not indicate the connectivity or the spatial geometry. Untitled picture.emf Hydrogen Oxygen atom Hydrogen atom Sulfur Oxygen 02 Phosphorus Water H 20 Carbon dioxide C02 Glucose C6H1206 We will spend all of next week learning how to draw molecules using Lewis Structures and to predict shapes using VSEPR. The Properties of Metals are the result of metallic bonding Imagine a metal as a structure composed of closely packed, positively charged metal ions. These ions form a regular lattice, similar to the closely packed spheres in a crate. The valence electrons of these metal atoms are not bound to any specific atom but are free to move throughout the entire structure.
The valence electrons of these metal atoms are not bound to any specific atom but are free to move throughout the entire structure. Conductivity: Because the electrons can move freely, they can carry electrical current through the metal, similar to how water in a sea can carry waves across vast distances. Malleability and Ductility: When a force is applied to the metal, the ions in the lattice can slide past one another, while the "sea" of electrons provides a cushion that prevents the ions from repelling each other and fracturing the metal. This is akin to moving objects submerged in water; the water flows around and accommodates the movement, allowing the objects to rearrange without breaking apart. Untitled picture.png Examples of metals include gold, iron, aluminum, etc. Polyatomic ions Polyatomic ions are ions composed of two or more atoms covalently bonded together, that function as a single charged entity. Unlike monatomic ions, which consist of a single atom, polyatomic ions have a specific arrangement of atoms, often including oxygen, along with one or more other elements. These ions can have either a positive or negative charge, although negative polyatomic ions are more common. The name of the polyatomic refers to the specific molecular formula and charge. Many sound similar learn the patterns Hydrogen can also be present and they can be named as hydrogen or bi- ions. The charge of the ions influences how they interact with ionic compounds They also play crucial roles in biological processes. This is a simplified list of the most common polyatomic ions. Untitled picture.png acetate ammonium benzoate borate carbonate Table of Polyatomic Ions NH4+ C6H5C02- hydrogen carbonate HC03- perchlorate chlorate chlorite hypochlorite chromate CIO, C103 C102- CIO crof- dichromate cyanide hydroxide iodate nitrate nitrite oxalate permanganate phosphate Cr207 CN OH 103- N03- N02- C2042 MnO/ pot dihydrogen phosphate silicate sulphate sulphite hydrogen sulphide hydrogen sulphate hydrogen sulphite thiocyanate thiosulphate H2P04- Si03 sof- S03 HS04- HS03- SCN S2032- hydrogen phosphate HP042- Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Untitled picture.png acetate ammonium benzoate borate carbonate Table of Polyatomic Ions NH4+ C6H5C02- hydrogen carbonate HC03- perchlorate chlorate chlorite hypochlorite chromate CIO, C103 C102- CIO crof- dichromate cyanide hydroxide iodate nitrate nitrite oxalate permanganate phosphate Cr207 CN OH 103- N03- N02- C2042 MnO/ pot dihydrogen phosphate silicate sulphate sulphite hydrogen sulphide hydrogen sulphate hydrogen sulphite thiocyanate thiosulphate H2P04- Si03 sof- S03 HS04- HS03- SCN S2032- hydrogen phosphate HP042- Naming Ionic Compounds There is a system to naming compounds known as nomenclature Ionic compounds are named based on the composition and charge of the ions involved Step 1: Name the cation (positive ion) For elements: simply use the element's name. For Transition metals: indicate the ion's charge with Roman numerals in parentheses if it is variable. Step 2: Name the anion (negative ion) For single element ions: Take the element's root name and add the suffix "-ide". For polyatomic ions: Use the ion's common name. Step 3: Combining the cation and anion Write the name of the cation first, followed by the name of the anion. Do not specify the number of ions in the name as the formula should already be the simplest ratio that results in a neutral compound Examples: Chemical Formula Cation Anion Name CaO CaCl2 Extra practice NaCl MgBr₂ Al₂O₃ FeCl₃ CaCO₃ K₂SO₄ Cu(NO₃)₂ Zn(OH)₂ Even more practice Ba(OH)₂ Na₂S CaF₂ KNO₃ MnO₂ Li₃PO₄ CoCl₂ NiSO₄ Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
CuCl FeCO3 Zn(OH)₂ Ag₂S NH₄Cl NiSO₄ Sr(NO₃)₂ Al(C₂H₃O₂)₃ Writing the Formula of Ionic Compounds Writing the formula for ionic compounds requires understanding the charges of the ions involved and how they should combine to be neutral. Use the ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/modules/items/2973274"periodic chart of the ions handout to help you learn the charges. Transition metals are often variable. The ﷟HYPERLINK "https://boisestatecanvas.instructure.com/courses/28698/modules/items/2973258"method of charge crossing is the easiest approach. Step 1: Identify the ions Cations (positive ions): Usually the metal or the polyatomic ammonium ion (NH4+). The name of the cation is the element unless it’s a transition metal that can have more than one charge, then its name is specified with Roman numerals. Anions (negative ions): They can be nonmetals which end in "-ide" or polyatomic ions (like sulfate, nitrite, acetate) Step 2: Determine the charges Use the ion table to determine the charge of each ion. Many of these should be committed to memory. For example, the group 1 elements form +1, group 2 elements form +2, and aluminum forms +3. Commonly used polyatomics like phosphate and nitrate are very common and knowing their charges and formulas (-3 and -1 respectively) are helpful. Step 3: Balance the charges The total positive charge must balance the total negative charge. Simplest approach: Cross superscripts to subscripts, then divide through by any common factor. Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Step 4: Write the formula Write the symbol of the cation first, followed by the symbol of the anion. If more than one of a particular ion is needed to balance the charge, use a subscript to indicate the number of ions. Do not use a subscript for a single ion. For polyatomic ions that need a subscript, place the polyatomic ion in parentheses before adding the subscript. Examples: Name Cation Anion Chemical Formula sodium oxide aluminum acetate calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 iron(II) oxide FeO Extra Practice Potassium chloride Magnesium oxide Calcium sulfate Aluminum nitrate Sodium phosphate Ammonium chloride Iron(III) bromide Copper(II) carbonate Barium hydroxide Lithium sulfide Even more practice Sodium bicarbonate Potassium permanganate Zinc sulfate Lead(II) nitrate Cesium chloride Silver iodide Nickel(II) phosphate Calcium hydroxide Ammonium sulfate Strontium chromate Naming Covalent Molecules Writing covalent compounds is different than naming ionic compounds. The number of each atom is denoted with prefixes Mono- (1) Di- (2) Tri- (3) Tetra- (4) Penta- (5) Hexa- (6) Hepta- (7) Octa- (8) Nona- (9) Deca- (10) [Note: "Mono-" is often omitted for the first element] Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Step 1: Name the first element as you would from the periodic table. Add the prefix for the number of atoms, but omit "mono-" if it is the first element Step 2: Name the second element indicating the number of atoms with a prefix and changing the suffix to "-ide". Examples: Formula Prefix of first element Prefix of second element Name CO N2O P4O10 SF6 Practice: CO₂ SO₂ SO₃ N₂O₅ P₄O₆ Cl₂O Cl₂O₇ SiO₂ CBr₄ PI₃ More Practice: S₈ H₂O (Common name: Water) NH₃ (Common name: Ammonia) N₂H₄ CH₄ (Common name: Methane) C₂H₆ C₃H₈ C₂H₄ C₂H₂ H₂S SiC Writing the Formula of Covalent Molecules Fairly straightforward, using the prefixes from above, do the reverse process. Step 1: Write the first elements symbol with a subscript indicating the number of atoms from the prefix Step 2: Write the second elements symbol with a subscript indicating the number of atoms from its prefix Note if there is no prefix or it is "mono-" then no subscript should be used. Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings
Examples: Name Number of atoms of first element and symbol Number of atoms of second element and symbol Formula Dinitrogen monoxide Diphosphorus pentoxide Diboron hexahydride Arsenic trichloride Practice: Carbon dioxide Sulfur hexafluoride Silicon tetrachloride Nitrogen triiodide Carbon tetrabromide Dihydrogen monosulfide Tetraphosphorus decoxide Iodine pentafluoride Phosphorus tribromide Sulfur dioxide Chlorine trifluoride Dinitrogen tetroxide Carbon disulfide Nitrogen dioxide Phosphorus pentachloride Silicon dioxide Dihydrogen monoxide Diboron tetrachloride Iodine heptafluoride Carbon monoxide Tetrasulfur tetranitride Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings Ink Drawings

 

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